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The congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair.A condition related to the production of melanin in the body, which controls colouring in areas such as the skin, eyes and hair. A lack of melanin usually results in characteristics such as pale skin, white hair and red eyes, a phenotype which is inherited as a result of a genotype that possesses an inborn error of metabolism where tyrosine (an amino acid) cannot be broken down within a biochemical pathway involved with melanin.