T distribution

... the population to a ditribution of beak sizes which were smaller. Over many generations, this can potentially shift the population to a size distribution outside the original range! If two populations undergo a different line of evolutionary change long enough, they will no longer be able ...

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... colder). However, currently there are no means to cryogenically store bigger animals, not to mention warm-blooded mammals such as humans. Uneven distribution of cryopreservants, uneven freezing/thawing speeds and the complexity of systemic functions such as respiration, circulation, digestion ...

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... - type of transmission (i.e. recessive/dominant or codominance) - gene linkage (i.e. are they on the same chromosome or not) and calculate the distribution of phenotype in each case (just like above, draw punnet squares and count the sections)

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... address sexual selection. Any selection can cause divergence. It's a simple concept really. Imagine a standard bell-curve as an "ideal" distribution of a trait in a population - then add selective pressure to the very middle of that distribution, and you'll get divergence. To answer ...

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No AFJ, NS is certainly not directional. It seems to go toward mor complexity, but it is in fact a simple artifact. Were you to look at the distribution of complexity (measured one way or another) vs number of organisms (or even species or OTU) you would see a distribution extremely skewed to ...

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