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Ethnoveterinary medicines used for ruminants in British Columbia
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Scientific name, (botanical family) Voucher specimen number
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Local name
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Part(s) used
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Ethnoveterinary use
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Acer macrophyllum Pursh (Aceraceae) JB043
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Big leaf maple
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leaves
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bedding
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Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) JS 041
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yarrow
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Aerial parts
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Mastitis, wounds, sternal abscess
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Achlys triphylla (Smith) DC. (Berberidaceae) JS018
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Vanilla leaf
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leaves
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flies
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Alchemilla vulgaris L. (Rosaceae) JS011
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Lady's mantle
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aerial parts
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Retained placenta
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Allium cepa L. (Alliaceae) not collected
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onion
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Skins
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endoparasites
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Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae) not collected
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garlic
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minced cloves
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Endoparasites, respiratory tonic
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Althaea officinalis L. (Malvaceae) not collected
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marshmallow
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Aerial parts
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Diarrhea, scours
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Anethum graveolens L. (Apiaceae) JS010
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Dill
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seed
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Diarrhea, scours, milk production
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Apium graveolens L. (Apiaceae) not collected
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celery
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Aerial parts
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endoparasites
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Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae) JB32
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Burdock
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root
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mastitis
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Arnica sp. (Asteraceae) JB92
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Wild arnica
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Leaves or flowers
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wounds
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Artemisia sp. (Compositae) JS105
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wormwood
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leaves
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endoparasites
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Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) JS016
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mugwort
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plant
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Zinc deficiency
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Azadirachta indica A. Juss. purchased product
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neem
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powder
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lice
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Berberis aquifolium Pursh. Mahonia aquifolium (Berberidaceae) JB6
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Oregon grape
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roots
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wounds
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Blechnum spicant (L.) Roth (Polypodiaceae) not collected
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Deer fern
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Aerial parts
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Magnesium imbalance
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Bovista pila Berk. & M. A. Curtis, Bovista plumbea Pers. (Lycoperdaceae) JB1
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puffball
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Spore mass
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Disbudding, cuts, wounds, sternal abscess
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Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) JB84
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calendula
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Flower oil
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Cuts, scratches, diarrhea, sore stomachs
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Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. (Brassicaceae) not collected
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shepherd's purse
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leaves
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wounds
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) purchased product
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cinnamon
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Inner bark
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Diarrhea, scours
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Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) purchased product
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turmeric
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rhizome
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Caprine arthritis encephalitis palliative, proud flesh
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Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae) purchased product
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citronella
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oil
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flies
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Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) not collected
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carrots
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Roots & tops
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endoparasites
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Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (Asteraceae) JBCL 07
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Echinacea
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root
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abscess, Pre-show protection, wounds, respiratory tonic
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Epilobium augustifolium L. (Onagraceae) not collected
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fireweed
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Fresh or dry plant
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Appetite stimulant
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Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb (Myrtaceae) purchased product
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cloves
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Essential oil
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flies
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Euphrasia officinalis agg. (Scrophulariaceae) purchased product
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eyebright
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Aerial parts
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Eye problems
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Galium aparine L. (Rubiaceae) JB3
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cleavers
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Aerial parts
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mastitis
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Gaultheria shallon Pursh. (Ericaceae) JS014
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salal
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Aerial parts
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Rumen tonic, ketosis
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Hedera helix L. (Araliaceae) not collected
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English ivy
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leaves
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Retained placenta
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Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae) purchased product
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sunflower
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seeds
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endoparasites
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Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) JS027
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St. John's Wort
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Infused oil of flowers
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Proud flesh, wounds
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Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae)
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juniper
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branches
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Endoparasites, liver fluke
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Lavandula officinalis L. (Labiatae)
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lavender
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Essential oil
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Flies, proud flesh
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Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt (Berberidaceae) JS104
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Oregon grape
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Root decoction
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Abscess, Respiratory tonic
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Malva sylvestris (Malvaceae) JS002
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mallow
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plant
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wounds
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Matricaria chamomilla L. (Compositae) JB43
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chamomile
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flower
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eye problems
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Medicago sativa L. (Leguminosae) purchased product
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alfalfa
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Pellets from high-selenium regions, aerial parts
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Selenium deficiency, nutrition after calving
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Melaleuca alternifolia L. (Myrtaceae) purchased product
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Tea tree oil
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drops
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endoparasites
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Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) JS024
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peppermint
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Essential oil
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flies
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Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae)
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pennyroyal
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Aerial parts
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Flies, lice
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Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae) not collected
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catnip
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Aerial parts
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Pain killer
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Pastinaca sativa L. (Apiaceae) not collected
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parsnip
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tops
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endoparasites
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Petroselinum crispum L. (Apiaceae) not collected
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parsley
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Aerial parts
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endoparasites
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Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson (Pinaceae) JB98
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long needle yellow pine
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branches
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Diarrhea grey pasty young animals, endoparasites
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Plantago lanceolata L. (Plantaginaceae) JS042
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plantain
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leaves
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diarrhea
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Polystichum munitum (Kaulf.) Presl. (Polypodiaceae) JS047
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Sword fern
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Aerial parts
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Stimulate digestion
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Portulaca oleracea L. Portulacaceae not collected
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purslane
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shoot
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Zinc deficiency
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Potentilla rectaL. (Rosaceae) JB93
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cinquefoil
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Aerial parts
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Appetite stimulant, diarrhea, scours
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Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) JS111
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self heal
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plant
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wounds
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Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Pinaceae) JS049
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Douglas fir
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Top branches
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Appetite stimulant, coccidiosis, endoparasites
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Quercus alba L. (Fagaceae) not collected
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White oak
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shoot
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Zinc deficiency
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Rubus sp. (Rosaceae) not collected
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thornless raspberry
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leaves
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Milk production
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Rubus ursinus L. JS115 and Rubus laciniatus Willd. (Rosaceae)
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blackberry
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leaves
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Unknown illness
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Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) not collected
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rue
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leaves
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flies
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Salix alba L. var. sericea Gaudin (Salicaceae) not collected
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White willow
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bark
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Diarrhea, scours, mastitis, pain, unknown illness
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Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook, Salix lucida Muhl. ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. (Salicaceae) JS101
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Scoulers willow, Pacific willow
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Branches
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Caprine arthritis encephalitis palliative
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Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) JS035
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Garden sage
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leaves
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Drying off
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Senna sp. (Fabaceae) purchased product
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senna
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pod
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Diarrhea, scours
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Symphoricarpos albusvar. laevigatus (Caprifoliaceae) JS103
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snowberry
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branches
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endoparasites
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Symphytum officinale L. (Boraginaceae) JBCL 08
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comfrey
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Leaves fresh/dry
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Abscess, wounds, diarrhea, flystrike, proudflesh
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Symphytum officinale L. (Boraginaceae) JBCL 08
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comfrey
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Aerial parts
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Increase butterfat; laxative, ketosis, udder edema
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Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry. (Myrtaceae) purchased product
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cloves
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bud
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coccidia
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Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber (Asteraceae) JB96
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dandelions
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leaves
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Udder edema
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Teucrium scorodonia L. (Labiatae) not collected
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woodsage
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Tincture
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mastitis
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Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don (Cupressaceae) JBR 21
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cedar
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Bark shavings
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lice
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Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don (Cupressaceae) JS036
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Red cedar
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branches
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Copper deficiency, endoparasites
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Ulmus fulva Michx. (Ulmaceae) purchased product
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Slippery elm
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Bark powder
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Blood in stool
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Ulmus fulva Michx. (Ulmaceae) purchased product
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Slippery elm
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Inner bark
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Diarrhea, scours
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Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) JS023
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nettle
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Ground seeds
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endoparasites
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Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) JS023
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nettles
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Aerial parts
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Pre-show protection, zinc deficiency, diarrhea
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Usnea longissima Ach. (Parmeliaceae) JB2a
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usnea
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Aerial parts
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Dehorning adults, foot rot, sternal abscess
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Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. (Ericaceae) JS045
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huckleberry
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plant
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ketosis
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Valeriana officinalis L. (Valerianaceae) JS008
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valerian
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roots
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Pain killer
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Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae) JS118
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mullein
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flower
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Respiratory tonic
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Vitis sp. (Vitaceae) not collected
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grape
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leaves
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Unknown illness
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Zea mays L. (Poaceae) not collected
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cornsilk
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Silk (style, stigma)
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Udder edema
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Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) purchased product
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ginger
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rhizome
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Diarrhea, scours
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Lans et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2007 3:11 doi:10.1186/1746-4269-3-11
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