-
Perry JE, Churchill LR, Kirshner HS: The Terri Schiavo case: legal, ethical, and medical perspectives.
Ann Intern Med 2005, 143:744-748.
Cranford RE: The vegetative and minimally conscious states: ethical implications.
-
Geriatrics 1998, 53(Suppl 1):S70-S73.
-
Doyal L, Wilsher D: Withholding and withdrawing life sustaining treatment from elderly people: towards formal guidelines.
BMJ 1994, 308:1689-1692.
-
Kaufman SR: In the shadow of "death with dignity": medicine and cultural quandaries of the vegetative state.
Am Anthropol 2000, 102:69-83.
-
Pullman D: Death, dignity, and moral nonsense.
J Palliat Care 2004, 20:171-178.
-
Derse AR: Limitation of treatment at the end-of-life: withholding and withdrawal.
Clin Geriatr Med 2005, 21:223-38.
-
Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Fisher S, Cartwright C, Deliens L, Miccinesi G, Norup M, Nilstun T, van der Heide A, van der Wal G: End-of-life decision making in Europe and Australia: a physician survey.
Arch Intern Med 2006, 166:921-929.
-
Yaguchi A, Truog RD, Curtis JR, Luce JM, Levy MM, Melot C, Vincent JL: International differences in end-of-life attitudes in theintensive care unit: results of a survey.
Arch Intern Med 2005, 165:1970-1975.
-
Miyata H, Shiraishi H, Kai I: Survey of the general public's attitudes toward advance directives in Japan: how to respect patients' preferences.
BMC Med Ethics 2006, 7:E11.
-
Asai A, Maekawa M, Akiguchi I, Fukui T, Miura Y, Tanabe N, Fukuhara S: Survey of Japanese physicians' attitudes towards the care of adult patients in persistent vegetative state.
J Med Ethics 1999, 25:302-308.
-
Miura Y, Asai A, Matsushima M, Nagata S, Onishi M, Shimbo T, Hosoya T, Fukuhara S: Families' and physicians' predictions of dialysis patients' preferences regarding life-sustaining treatments in Japan.
Am J Kidney Dis 2006, 47:122-130.
-
Solomon DJ: Conducting web-based surveys. [http://PAREonline.net/getvn.asp?v=7&n=19]
Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation 2001., 7(19):
Accessed June 27, 2006
-
Willms DC, Brewer JA: Survey of respiratory therapists' attitudes and concerns regarding terminal extubation.
Respir Care 2005, 50:1046-1049.
-
Payne K, Taylor RM, Stocking C, Sachs GA: Physicians' attitudes about the care of patients in the persistent vegetative state: a national survey.
Ann Intern Med 1996, 125:104-110.
-
Farber NJ, Simpson P, Salam T, Collier VU, Weiner J, Boyer EG: Physicians' decisions to withhold and withdraw life-sustaining treatment.
Arch Intern Med 2006, 166:560-564.
-
Wenger NS, Lynn J, Oye RK, Liu H, Teno JM, Phillips RS, Desbiens NA, Sehgal A, Kussin P, Taub H, Harrell F, Knaus W: Withholding versus withdrawing life-sustaining treatment: patient factors and documentation associated with dialysis decisions.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2000, 48:S75-S83.
-
Vincent JL: Withdrawing may be preferable to withholding.
Crit Care 2005, 9:226-229.
-
Curtis JR: Interventions to improve care during withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments.
J Palliat Med 2005, 8(Suppl 1):S116-S131.
-
Hinkka H, Kosunen E, Lammi EK, Metsanoja R, Puustelli A, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P: Decision making in terminal care: a survey of finnish doctors' treatment decisions in end-of-life scenarios involving a terminal cancer and a terminal dementia patient.
Palliat Med 2002, 16:195-204.
-
Hinkka H, Kosunen E, Metsanoja R, Lammi UK, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P: Factors affecting physicians' decisions to forgo life-sustaining treatments in terminal care.
J Med Ethics 2002, 28:109-114.
-
Thompson BT, Cox PN, Antonelli M, Carlet JM, Cassell J, Hill NS, Hinds CJ, Pimentel JM, Reinhart K, Thijs LG: Challenges in end-of-life care in the ICU: statement of the 5th International Consensus Conference in Critical Care: Brussels, Belgium, April 2003: executive summary.
Crit Care Med 2004, 32:1781-1784.