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Biology Articles » Ecology » Acadian biospeleology: composition and ecology of cave fauna of Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick, Canada » Figures

Figures
- Acadian biospeleology: composition and ecology of cave fauna of Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick, Canada

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Fig. 1. Outline map of Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick, to show location of study sites. [Provincial and county boundaries are shown by solid lines; the broken line represents the Canada-USA international border. Dots may represent more than one cave or mine. See text for key to alphanumeric codes.].

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Fig. 2. Young adult North American Porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum) in den, dark zone, Cheverie Cave, Nova Scotia. (Photo: F. Vladi)

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Fig. 3. Average monthly air temperature (°C) in a representative Nova Scotia cave (dark zone in Frenchman’s Cave).

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Fig. 4. Entrance of cave den occupied by the porcupine illustrated in Fig. 2. Numerous fresh droppings are clearly visible. The white areas are mats of fungal hyphae on older dung, and there are a number of etiolated plant seedlings growing from seeds which have passed through the gut of the porcupine. Several porcupine quills are also visible. (Photo: author).

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Fig. 5. ‘Moderately decomposed’ porcupine dung sample from Frenchman’s II, Nova Scotia (Photo: author).

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Fig. 6. ‘Well decomposed’ porcupine dung sample from Frenchman’s II, Nova Scotia (Photo: author).

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Fig. 7. Fauna extracted from a sample of ‘moderately decomposed’ porcupine dung, Frenchman’s II, Nova Scotia, October 1997. Sciarid (Diptera) larvae are abundant, and there is an adult in the lower right. Parasitid mites and onychiurid Collembola (Protaphorura armata) are scattered throughout the field of view. The large coleopteran larva in the lower centre is Quedius s. spelaeus, and there are two adult ptilid beetles (Acrotrichis castanea) just above this. (Photo: C. Majka).

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Fig. 8. Fauna extracted from a second sample of ‘moderately decomposed’ porcupine dung, Frenchman’s II, October 1997. Trichocera maculipennis larvae (Diptera) and an enchytraeid are prominent. The adult fly near the centre is an unidentified sciarid. (Photo: C. Majka).